Romaniuk V. I.
Pages: 76-81.

Full article: 

---

Abstract

The purpose. To determine influence of complex application of doses of nitric fertilizers and growth regulating substances on display of character of formation of photosynthetic and grain efficiency of different varieties of summer barley in conditions of Forest-steppe Right-bank. Methods. Applied general scientific methods (dialectics, experiment, analysis and synthesis, method of hypotheses), and special: field - for studying interaction of subject of researches with weather conditions and receptions of technology of cultivation; visual; measuring and weight; quantitative; physiological; laboratory — for establishment of qualitative characteristics of soil of test plot; dispersive, correlation and regression — for determination of reliability of distinctions between factors, pair and plural dependences. Results. Influence of complex application of doses of nitric fertilizers and regulators of growth of plants on formation of photosynthetic and seed efficiency of summer barley of varieties Nabat and Vinnitskiy 28 is investigated. It is noted that in variants of experiment with maximal parameters of photosynthetic efficiency, in particular accumulation of organic substance (1045,9–1035,1 g/m2), pure efficiency of photosynthesis (5,5–5,9 g/m2), content of chlorophylls «a+b» (2,29–2,14 mg/g of crude weight), it is observed the maximal productivity of grain of culture. The highest productivity of grain for varieties Nabat (6,39 t/hectare) and Vinnitskiy 28 (5,78 t/hectare) was gained in variants of experiment where on phosphoric-potash background P45K45 they entered nitric fertilizers in doze of N90 and morpho-regulator Terpal in a phase of the beginning of tubing. That was more accordingly on 2,21 t/hectare, or 52,8% and 1,97 t/hectare, or 51,7% in comparison with the control (on plots without fertilizers and growth regulators). Conclusions. Optimization of technology of cultivation of summer barley due to the balanced system of fertilizer, namely entering of nitric fertilizers in doze of N90P45K45 and application of growth regulators (Binom or Terpal), provides realization of genetic potential of varieties Nabat and Vinnitskiy 28 on 60–70% and level of productivity of grain — 6,39 and 5,78 t/hectare accordingly.

---

Key words: summer barley, variety, doze of nitric fertilizer, growth regulator, photosynthetic productivity, productivity.

---

References

1. Beldii N., Zahynailo M., Nosulia A. (2012). Yachmin–kultura prybutkova [Barley as a profitable crop]. Proposytsiia [Proposition]. pp. 12–14. [in Ukraine].
2. Bomaba M.Y., Bomma M.I. (2001). Formirovanie urozhaiya yaroho yachmenia na Ukraine [Formation of spring barley in Ukraine]. Zernovye kultury [Grain Crops]. No2. pp. 22–24. [in Ukraine].
3. Yeremeiev V.N., Efimov V.V. (2003). Rehionalni aspekty hlobalnoi zminy klimatu. [Regional aspects of global climate change]. Visnyk NAN Ukrainy [Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine]. No. 2. pp. 14-19. [in Ukraine].
4. Petrychenko V. F. (2012). Naukovi osnovy vyrobnytstva ta vykorystannia soi u tvarynnytstvi. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo [Scientific basis of soybean production and use in livestock breeding]. Kormy ta kormovyrobnytsvo [Feeds and Feed Production]. Issue. 71. pp. 108. [in Ukraine].
5. North J.J., Laubscher C.P., Ndakidemi P.A. (2010). Effect of the growth retardant Cycocel® in controlling the growth of Dombeya burgessiae. Afr. J. Biotechnol. No. 9 (29): pp.4529–4533. [in English].
6. Dospekhov B.A. (1985). Metodika polevogo opyta [Methodology of field experiment]. Moscow: Agropromizdat, 351 pp. [in Russian].
7. Nychyporovych A. A. (1956). Fotosintez i teoriya polucheniya vyisokih urozhaev. [Photosynthesis and the theory of obtaining high yields]. Timiryazevskoe chtenie [Timiryazevs reading]. Moscow, 94 pp. [in Russian].
8. Gold V.M., Gaevskiy N.A., Golovanova T.I. (2008). Fiziologiya rasteniy: metod. ukazaniya po lab. Rabotam [Plant physiology: methodological instructions on the laboratory work]. Krasnoyarsk: IPK SFU. 61 pp. [in Russian].
9. Murchie E.H., Niyogi K.K. (2011). Manipulation of photoprotection to improve plant photosynthesis. Plant Physiol. (155). 1. pp. 86–92. [in English].
10. Dodd I.C., Whalley W.R., Ober E.S. et al. (2011). Genetic and management approaches to boost UK wheat yields by ameliorating water deficits. J. Exp. Bot. 62. pp. 5241–5248. [in English].
11. Petrychenko V.F. (2003). Naukovi osnovy suchasnykh tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia vysokobilkovykh kultur [Scientific fundamentals of modern technologies for the cultivation of high protein crops]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky [Bulletin of Agrarian Science]. Kyiv. pp. 15-19. [in Ukraine].
12. Kalenskaia S.M., Tokar B.Y. (2015). Urozhaynost yachmenya yarovogo v zavisimosti ot urovnya mineralnogo pitaniya [Productivity of spring barley depending on the level of mineral nutrition]. Naukovi pratsi Institutu Bioenerhetychnykh kultur i tsukrovykh buriakiv. [Scientific works of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet]. Issue. 23. pp. 30–33. [in Ukraine].
13. Deieva V.P. (1980). Retardanty–regulyatory rosta rasteniy [Retardants as plant growth regulators]. Minsk: Science and Technology, 176 pp. [in Bielarus].
14. Rybalko O.I., Morhun B.V., Polishchuk S.C. (2016). Yachmin yak produkt funktsionalnoho kharchuvannia [Barley as a product of functional nutrition]. Kyiv: Lohos. 619 pp. [in Ukraine].