Growing of normatively pure berry gooseberry products on radioactively contaminated soils of Polissia

Abstract

Goal. To experimentally determine the possibility of obtaining normatively pure gooseberry berry products on drained radioactively contaminated soils of Polissia. Methods. Lysimetric — to conduct a stationary experiment, laboratory – to determine the indicators of radiological contamination. Results. Long-term studies during 2016–2020 in a stationary lysimetric experiment had proved that gooseberry plants on a high radioactive background (8 Ki/km2) had a differentiation of specific activity by plant components. It gradually decreased from roots to generative organs (berries). The most polluted root system was fixed in the control version (without fertilizer). The activity of 137Cs in the roots was 301 Bq/kg, shoots — 71, leaves — 188, berries — 28 Bq/kg. It was established that the change of moisture in the root layer of the soil significantly affected the level of contamination of products with radionuclides. Conclusions. Growing gooseberries on drained sod-podzolic soils of Polissia with a pollution density of 137Cs≥8 Ki/km2 with the introduction of a comprehensive system of agrochemical measures allows obtaining products that do not exceed the hygienic standards GN 6.6.1.11302006. With the application of a balanced rate of mineral fertilizers N40P90K150 for gooseberries on a limed background, the specific activity of 137Cs in a root decreased by 37.2%, young growth — 31.0, leaves — by 39.4%. Contamination of berries with 137Cs in the fertilized version was 2.6 times lower than in the control (without fertilization). The obtained products meet the requirements of DR 2006 (70 Bq/kg).