Combining ability of early ripening tomato lines with increased lycopene content in fruits

Abstract

Goal. To determine the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability of new tomato lines by the method of tester crossings and to select the best for breeding to create highly heterotic hybrids. Methods: field — to establish differences between research options; laboratory — to determine the content of lycopene in fruits; genetic — to determine indicators of combining ability; mathematical and statistical — to assess the reliability of the obtained research results. Results. As a sign of commercial productivity, among early−ripening lines, most had average values of GCA, the best reliable effects were in 2019 in № 532 (0.15), in 2020 — № 536 (0.6). Lines № 534 (0.19), № 532 (0.07), № 536 and № 462 had high values of variances of SCA in terms of product productivity in 2019 — 0.05, in 2020 − № 523 (0.15), № 539 (0.07) and № 531 (0.05). That is, lines № 532 and № 536 must be used to create heterotic hy- brids, № 534 and № 462 — to create varieties. Lines № 462 (from minus 3.96 to minus 1.41) and № 533 (from minus 1.31 to minus 0.86) had high (for the duration of the «germination−ripening» period — neg- ative) effects of GCA over two years of research), in 2019 — № 523 (minus 2.11), № 539 (minus 1.46), in 2020 — № 533 (minus 0.86). High reliable values of the effects of GCA on the content of lycopene in fruits for two years of research were established in lines № 537 (1.21 and 2.29), in 2019 — № 536 (3.16), № 531 (1.90), in 2020 — № 462 (4.19) and № 539 (1.70). In 2019, lines № 531 (5.51) and № 539 (4.62) had high variances of SCA, in 2020 № 537 (13.55), № 534 (4.42), № 536 (4.05). To create heterotic hybrids based on the № 462 and № 539. Conclusions. Lines with high values of general and specific combining ability were established, which can be used in the creation of highly heterotic toma- to hybrids with increased lycopene content in fruits.