Agrotechnical measures to increase the sustainability of the agrosystems of Precarpathia

Abstract

Goal. To determine the impact of agrotechnical and light improvement measures on the sustainability of the agrosystems of Precarpathia. Methods. Field, physicochemical, and comparative analytical. Results. Research in increasing the sustainability of agroecosystems on sod-podzolic surface-gleied soils of Precarpathia was conducted on the lands of the first, second, and third ecological technological groups (ETG). The results of research on the impact of some agrotechnical and light improvement measures on increasing their sustainability are presented. It was established that to maintain a positive balance of organic matter in the soil (ETG 1), in addition to plowing straw and siderates in crop rotation, it is also necessary to apply organic fertilizers. The optimal saturation of crop rotation with intermediate crops is 40–60%. On slopes with a steepness of 3–7° (ETG 2), the stability of agroecosystems is significantly influenced by the method of soil cultivation and plant cover, in particular, the strip placement of agricultural crops. To prevent degradation processes on eroded slopes (ETG 3) taken out of cultivation, and to stabilize and restore soil fertility, such slopes should be limed with perennial grass mixtures. The inverse dependence of the erosion-accumulative process on the density of the grass stand was revealed. Conclusions. Increasing the sustainability of agrosystems on the lands of the first, second, and third eco-technological groups of the ETG is ensured by the use of agrotechnical and light improvement measures. Their application creates an opportunity to manage the functional efficiency of the agricultural system by improving the agrochemical and agrophysical properties of the soil, ceasing degradation processes, and also contributing to increasing its productivity.