Formation of spring barley sowing according to the morphological structure of the underground part of plants depending on the depth of seed wrapping

Abstract

Goal. To analyze the state of development of spring barley according to the morphological structure of the underground part of the plants as a result of seed wrapping at different depths during sowing. To determine the structure of sowing, to show the biometric parameters of the linear dimensions of the formed additional internodes in plants to highlight the processes of forming the root system of spring barley. Methods. Field and laboratory in accordance with the requirements of scientific agronomy research methodology. Variants of the rate of sowing seeds per 1 ha — 4.0 and 4.5 million. The number of randomly placed test plots was quadrupled. The area of the plant selection site for biometric analysis was 1 m2. Results. It was established that as a result of the uncontrolled placement of seeds at different depths during sowing in the soil with deviations from the norm of biological requirements, additional redundant morphological structures in the structure of the underground part of plants with different linear dimensions developed in barley. Conclusions. Under the condition of uncontrolled wrapping of barley seeds at various depths during sowing, the formation of crops was established according to the phenotype of three variants of the model of the underground part of plants: A — without elongation of underground internodes, B — with one elongated underground internode, C — with two elongated underground internodes. The share of phenotypes without additional redundant morphological structures of the underground part of the plants, which corresponded to the seed wrapping depth of 2.5–3.4 cm and partly 3.5–4.4 cm, in the structure of crops was 35.5–37.5%, depending on the norm of sowing seeds. The share of plants with one elongated internode forming two-leveled root systems at a seed wrapping depth of 3.5–7.4 cm was the largest — 56–58%. The share of plants with two elongated internodes forming three-leveled root systems at a depth of 4.5–8.4 cm seed wrapping was insignificant and amounted to only 6.5–6.6%.