Justification of running and perspective standards which will secure ploughed up soils against physical degradation

Abstract

The purpose. To justify the list and the contents of standards, capable to norm mechanical load on soil — the important cause of physical degradation. Methods. Field and office probes of influence of techniques and instruments of cultivation on physical properties of soils. On the basis of digitalized maps the squares of areas with degradation processes are calculated. Results. Destructure (formation of lumps and dust), augmentation of equilibrium firmness and negative transformation of pore space in ploughed up soils are the consequence of non-normed load of modern machine-tractor assembly units and instruments. The supervisory control of execution of the running standard of allowable pressure of road systems on soil, implementation and observance of new standards — that is an actual problem for adjustment of modern farming agriculture. Conclusions. Monitoring of physical properties of ploughed up soils and mechanical load during growing and harvesting crops should become obligatory. By use of standards it should be made impossible plastic deformation, formation of lumps, excessive crushing of soils, their overstocking in subseed layer and in plough base surface.